| 摘要: |
| 博物馆观众研究领域最早的成果可以追溯到吉尔曼(Gilman)在1911年的研究工作,本文对观众评估研究的关注对象与问题进行了历史性的批判分析。本研究揭示了各类研究建立的范式,包括对实施机制的说明、对评估客观性的审问、对文化民主化研究和营销相关研究之间不协调性的强调。本文结合多年经济危机和理性化带来的影响,介绍了20世纪90年代至今博物馆观众研究的工具化,并结合观众研究的他律性的特点进行分析,提出了这一领域面临的四大挑战。 |
| 关键词: 博物馆 观众研究 评估 研究对象 研究范式 Visitor Studies:A Short History (Part III, 1990s—Present) Bernard Schiele Translated by Chu Huiping and Li Xiang, Proofread by Liu Xuan |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Visitor Studies:A Short History (Part III, 1990s—Present) |
| Bernard Schiele Translated by,Chu Huiping,Li Xiang,Liu Xuan |
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| Abstract: |
| This article offers a historical and critical analysis of the preoccupations and problems covered by studies on evaluation since the first works by Gilman in 1911. It reveals the paradigms on which the studies were built, to illustrate the dynamics put in place, to question the objectives of evaluation, and to highlight the tensions between studies concerning cultural democratization and those linked to marketing. The instrumentalization of visitor studies under the impact of years of economic crises and rationalization during 1990s to present were introduced in this last part. Based on analysis of the heteronomy in the field of visitor studies, four big challenges were proposed at the end. |
| Key words: museum, visitor studies, evaluation, objective, research paradigm |
