| 摘要: |
| 本文首先列举了高速建设背景下的博物馆在展览内容设计上暴露的一些严重影响科学教育效果的问题,并分析其原因。随后提出引入核心概念是解决上述问题并全面达成科学教育目标的保证。核心概念的定义和特点决定了其能够整合现象和知识点、构建知识框架,促进形成科学思维。核心概念需要依据特定标准,结合主题和具体展教范围提出。博物馆科学教育实践就是实现核心概念理解的过程,通过情境创设可以更好地实现这一过程。自然博物馆应当发挥展品和展览在教育情境创设上的独特优势,充分挖掘展品蕴含的信息,帮助观众构建一个以核心概念为主干、其他概念和事实为枝叶的知识树,在此过程中,发展观众对于展品、核心概念乃至跨学科概念的深层理解。 |
| 关键词: 自然博物馆 教育 核心概念 进化论 |
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| Introducing Core Ideas to Improve Science Education in Museums——An Example of Evolution Education in Natural History Museums |
| Zhang Yuanyuan |
| () |
| Abstract: |
| This article proposes problems of content design in museums in their rapid construction. These problems severely spoiled the effect of science education. Then the causes of these problems are analyzed. To solve the problems and achieve the goals of science education, core ideas need to be introduced. The definition and characteristics of core ideas mean they can integrate phenomena and knowledge points, build the framework of subjects, and finally contribute to the formation of scientific thinking. The choice of core ideas needs to take the standards, topics and scopes of specific teaching activities into consideration. Museum's scientific teaching practice means to make the audiences understand core ideas, which could be better achieved by situation settings. Natural history museums should take the advantages of exhibits and exhibitions in situation settings, extract information from exhibits fully, and help audiences build a knowledge tree whose trunks are core ideas and branches and leaves are other ideas and facts in their mind. In these processes, audiences are developing a deeper understanding of exhibits, core ideas even interdisciplinary ideas. |
| Key words: natural history museums, education, core ideas, evolution 〖FL |
